通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)橡(xiang)(xiang)套(tao)電(dian)纜(lan)是以(yi)5類銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)線(xian)芯，在(zai)(zai)(zai)其生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，常常發(fa)(fa)現(xian)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)變(bian)(bian)色，這嚴重地影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)了(le)(le)產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)國內眾多(duo)電(dian)纜(lan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)廠家的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個老(lao)大(da)(da)難技(ji)術問題。　　 銅(tong)(tong)(tong)屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)渡(du)金(jin)屬(shu)，易被(bei)空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)氣(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)酸性(xing)條件下氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)黑色的(de)(de)(de)CuO。當(dang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)珠時(shi)，由(you)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)含有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)塵埃，如煙霧、煤炭、汽車尾氣(qi)、氯化(hua)(hua)物及(ji)其他酸、堿(jian)、鹽(yan)顆粒粉塵等， 這些有(you)(you)(you)(you)害物質溶解于(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)珠中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即可(ke)(ke)形成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)解液(ye)，從(cong)而(er)加(jia)(jia)劇銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)變(bian)(bian)色。輕者影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)產(chan)(chan)品外(wai)觀(guan)品質和產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)(liang)，重者則影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，造成(cheng)(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本的(de)(de)(de)浪費。所以(yi)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)一(yi)定(ding)要妥(tuo)善保(bao)(bao)(bao)管，注意防(fang)(fang)(fang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)變(bian)(bian)色。　　 電(dian)纜(lan)用(yong)(yong)金(jin)屬(shu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)從(cong)原(yuan)理(li)(li)上(shang)講主要有(you)(you)(you)(you)物理(li)(li)方(fang)法(fa)阻(zu)隔銅(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)潮濕空(kong)氣(qi)接(jie)觸、陰(yin)極保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)還原(yuan)法(fa)阻(zu)止銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)、化(hua)(hua)學方(fang)法(fa)在(zai)(zai)(zai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)鈍化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)阻(zu)止氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)，抑(yi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)噴涂特(te)殊(shu)液(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)予以(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)。以(yi)通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)橡(xiang)(xiang)套(tao)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)為(wei)(wei)例，每道(dao)工(gong)序防(fang)(fang)(fang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)主要方(fang)法(fa)。　　 1、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿進(jin)廠前(qian)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)、檢測及(ji)儲存　　 我國大(da)(da)多(duo)數電(dian)纜(lan)企(qi)業用(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)(wei)外(wai)購，應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)擇(ze)質優(you)金(jin)屬(shu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，規范供應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)、交貨流程(cheng)與(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿進(jin)廠檢驗依照GB/T 3048.2或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)電(dian)纜(lan)企(qi)業企(qi)標(biao)執行(xing)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿的(de)(de)(de)儲存可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)布或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)覆蓋(gai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，即最(zui)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)(de)物理(li)(li)阻(zu)隔法(fa)阻(zu)止銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿與(yu)潮濕空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)觸。車間領用(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿時(shi)一(yi)定(ding)要逐個銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿卷進(jin)行(xing)肉(rou)眼檢查是否有(you)(you)(you)(you)發(fa)(fa)黑現(xian)象，從(cong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)源(yuan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)以(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。　　 2、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿拉(la)(la)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)工(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)　　 0.4mm單(dan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)拉(la)(la)制(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)連續退(tui)火(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)大(da)(da)拉(la)(la)機和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)拉(la)(la)機，需經過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)放(fang)線(xian)、拉(la)(la)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)與(yu)退(tui)火(huo)(huo)、冷卻(que)、烘干(gan)、收(shou)(shou)線(xian)等工(gong)序。首先，應(ying)(ying)(ying)選(xuan)取合適的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)具，切不可(ke)(ke)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)小(xiao)，否則會(hui)強(qiang)制(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)金(jin)屬(shu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)晶格(ge)(ge)變(bian)(bian)異，加(jia)(jia)劇金(jin)屬(shu)溫(wen)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)急劇上(shang)升。其次(ci)，開機前(qian)檢查乳化(hua)(hua)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)酸堿(jian)度(du)，確(que)保(bao)(bao)(bao)為(wei)(wei)堿(jian)性(xing)溶液(ye)，同時(shi)拉(la)(la)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)油中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)添加(jia)(jia)抗氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑，在(zai)(zai)(zai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)形成(cheng)(cheng)鈍化(hua)(hua)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)止氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)；放(fang)線(xian)時(shi)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)持放(fang)線(xian)張力穩(wen)定(ding)、均(jun)勻，不可(ke)(ke)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)度(du)顫動；拉(la)(la)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)操作(zuo)者應(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)恰當(dang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位高(gao)度(du)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)退(tui)火(huo)(huo)程(cheng)度(du)均(jun)勻，避(bi)(bi)免退(tui)火(huo)(huo)不足或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)退(tui)火(huo)(huo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)度(du)；收(shou)(shou)線(xian)時(shi)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)不應(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)(you)(you)(you)殘余液(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)收(shou)(shou)線(xian)前(qian)方(fang)處(chu)放(fang)置一(yi)塊干(gan)燥(zao)的(de)(de)(de)毛氈（經常更(geng)換），以(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)單(dan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥(zao)。最(zui)后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)拉(la)(la)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)下盤(pan)后(hou)用(yong)(yong)透明(ming)(ming)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)密封(feng)，存放(fang)于(yu)(yu)干(gan)燥(zao)環境之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，待流轉，否則會(hui)由(you)于(yu)(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)溫(wen)度(du)較(jiao)高(gao)而(er)易與(yu)潮濕的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)風險。　　 3、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)絞(jiao)合(束絞(jiao))與(yu)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)橡(xiang)(xiang)皮、護(hu)套(tao)橡(xiang)(xiang)皮擠(ji)出工(gong)序　　 以(yi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)絞(jiao)合為(wei)(wei)例，導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)(zai)絞(jiao)合過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，經過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)各道(dao)壓模(mo)使(shi)得金(jin)屬(shu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)晶格(ge)(ge)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)結構(gou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)強(qiang)外(wai)力作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下，過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)模(mo)后(hou)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)溫(wen)度(du)較(jiao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)模(mo)前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)較(jiao)大(da)(da)提(ti)高(gao)，因此(ci)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)層易氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)。故可(ke)(ke)在(zai)(zai)(zai)絞(jiao)和過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)用(yong)(yong)輸(shu)(shu)液(ye)軟管將抗氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)劑（0.3%的(de)(de)(de)苯并三氮唑酒精溶液(ye)）滴入銅(tong)(tong)(tong)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，滴入標(biao)準以(yi)剛好浸潤銅(tong)(tong)(tong)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)準，避(bi)(bi)免過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)少存在(zai)(zai)(zai)局部氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)多(duo)浪費的(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)所有(you)(you)(you)(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)作(zuo)準備穩(wen)妥(tuo)后(hou)，再開機運(yun)(yun)轉。收(shou)(shou)線(xian)處(chu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)收(shou)(shou)線(xian)盤(pan)干(gan)燥(zao)，收(shou)(shou)線(xian)盤(pan)裝(zhuang)滿(man)后(hou)，用(yong)(yong)透明(ming)(ming)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)密封(feng)。　　 導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)擠(ji)包(bao)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)前(qian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)縱包(bao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)繞包(bao)聚酯帶，放(fang)置橡(xiang)(xiang)皮絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)物質腐蝕導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)橡(xiang)(xiang)皮和護(hu)套(tao)橡(xiang)(xiang)皮在(zai)(zai)(zai)擠(ji)出過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)避(bi)(bi)免線(xian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，而(er)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)線(xian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)變(bian)(bian)黑現(xian)象。　　 我們在(zai)(zai)(zai)日(ri)常生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)觀(guan)察中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)選(xuan)擇(ze)優(you)質銅(tong)(tong)(tong)桿、有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)拉(la)(la)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)工(gong)藝及(ji)乳化(hua)(hua)液(ye)濃度(du)和溫(wen)度(du)、退(tui)火(huo)(huo)工(gong)藝、導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)絞(jiao)合或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)束絞(jiao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)鈍化(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)及(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)止線(xian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)等手(shou)段，加(jia)(jia)之(zhi)，車間操作(zuo)人員應(ying)(ying)(ying)樹立質量(liang)(liang)意識，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)業務(wu)培訓，能(neng)清楚(chu)地認識到銅(tong)(tong)(tong)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)帶來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)不良后(hou)果，嚴把質量(liang)(liang)關(guan)，才能(neng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)地控制電纜銅導體的質量，防止其氧化，極大地提(ti)高了工作(zuo)效(xiao)率，減少返(fan)工頻(pin)次，從而達(da)到降低成本和(he)提(ti)高內(nei)在產品質量的有益效(xiao)果(guo)。